Human Anatomy

Analysis Kirsi Frames That Sustainability Is Fuzzy And...

INTRODUCTION In this journal article Niinimà ¤ki, Kirsi frames that Sustainability is fuzzy and wide concept and the discussion what to sustain continues, the resources or lifestyle. Furthermore how holistically the sustainability should be approached is under discussion. According to the holistic approach for environmental ethics ecosystems and biosphere as a whole should be considered, not individual’s rights. We also discuss how certain factors like Innovation, , Ethically in production and CSR, Ethical consumption, Future oriented thinking and collaboration with customers and Animal Ethics and Luxury can initiate new business strategies, while consumers are more than ever interested on environmental values. Even though ethical†¦show more content†¦It s ok if you have an existing business plan, but all you need systemic approach and new thinking considering all kinds of factors pertaining to the revenue of the business and ecological contribution to the company and to gain th e trust of stakeholders and the consumers. The implementation of the change should be from the scratch (economic paradigm) for a complete transformation or transition of doing business for sustainability. The factors that should be taken into account before creating a business system: 1) Current Trend and practice 2) Adaptation of new technology 3) Contribution to the society 4) New generation thinking Explanation 1) Current trend and practice: Every business needs a new way of analysis, classification and interpretation of the process in order to offer value not only for both the business and consumers but also the environment through significant decrease in environmental impact. 2) Adaptation of new technology: After considering the requirements of the business the technology should be acquired, In-House or outsourced that depends on cost cutting strategies from B2B or from the interaction of the stakeholder’s decisions. 3) Contribution to the society: Once the business starts to farewell the public will start to expect something in return, which will benefit them as an individual and as a planet. In order to do so we are suppose to make a major contribution towards the welfare of the society and to lend in a hand to make the world

Socrates and Maintaining a Harmony What is Right a Essay Example For Students

Socrates and Maintaining a Harmony What is Right a Essay nd Expression of OpinionsSocrates and Maintaining a Harmony What is Right and Expression of OpinionsSocrates has thoroughly justified his own decision to obey the opinions of themajority and serve out the sentence that his own city has deemed appropriatefor his crimes. At the beginning of this piece, Socrates has presented aperiod of questions and answers through dialogue with Crito. Throughout thedialogue Socrates is explaining his reasoning for not running from thegovernment. Crito does not understand the madness of Socrates, Crito will dowhatever it takes to help his friend to flee, instead of being exiled by thegovernment.AI do not think that what you are doing is right, to give up yourlife when you can save it, and to hasten your fate as your enemies would hastenit, and indeed have hastened it in their wish to destroy emailprotected(Crito p.58c)Throughout the begining of the dialog, Crito is expressing his feelings of whyhe believes Socrates should flee from the city. Crito make s many valid pointson why he disagrees with Socrates decision to bare this misfortune. Critooffers to do on not fleeingbeing majorints expressing to Socrates, that a manas courageous as Socrates and who has lived his life through virtue . AYou seemto me to choose the easiest path, whereas one should choose the path a good andcourageous man would choose, particularly when one claims throughout ones lifeto care for emailprotected(Crito p.59d) Through the dialogue the questions andanswers within Socrates and Crito establish to major themes in which hold truethroughout the work. The first being that a person must decide whether thesociety in which one lives has a just reasoning behind its own standards ofright and wrong. The second being, that a person must have pride in the lifethat he or she leads. In establishing basic questions of these two concepts,Socrates has precluded his own circumstance and attempted to prove to hiscompanion Crito, that the choice that he has made is just. AI am the kind ofman who listens only to the argument that on reflection seems best to me. Icannot, now that this fate has come upon me, discard the arguments I used; theyseen to me much the emailprotected(Crito p.59b)The introduction of this work hasalso provided the concept that it is our society or majority that has dictatedwhat is considered virtuous action. According to Socrates we have been givenevery opportunity to reject our society and renounce what it has stood for andagainst. ANot one of our laws raises any obstacle or forbids him, if he is notsatisfied with us or the city, if one of you wants to go and live in a colony orwants to go anywhere else, and keep his emailprotected (Crito p.63d) Socratesstates; that making a conscious choice or effort to remain under the influenceof a society is an unconscious agreement with that society to live your life byits standards and virtues. Socrates states after establishing his own agreement with his citys virtuesthat he believes in the validity of the decision imposed upon himself. Hestates that his decision is justified by the fact that the laws and governingagents of the society must command a certain degree of respect. Any person whowould unjustly disobey these laws creates a deliberate attempt to destroy them,as well as, the society which has imposed them.For example; AHowever, thatwhoever of you remains when he sees how we conduct our trials and manage thecity in other ways, has in fact come to an agreement with us to obey ouremailprotected (Crito p.63e) If the decisions of the citys governing agentsare not thoroughly respected as just and cohesive parts of society, the verystructure by which the society stands is subject to collapse. If a person isfound to be in violation of what his or her society stands for and does notaccept the consequences for his or her actions, then there can not be a systemof law in plac e to create order. A You must either persuade it or obey itsorders, and endure in silence whatever it instructs you to endure, whetherblows or bonds, and if it leads you into war or be wounded or killed you mustemailprotected(Crito p.63b) The society in which a person lives creates a mutualrelationship in which every person in that society is indebted to, if he or shewillingly accepts that society for their own. My Friend Andrea EssaySocrates has very carefully and thoughtfully consented to what his own city hasdeemed to be righteous and justified. His thoughts on his destiny arecompletely unselfish, as his only wish is to preserve the society around himwhich has accepted him and his family for so many years. He has indignantlyrenounced the idea of self preservation and any attempt to escape because of thepotential harm and damage that it ultimately will cause. The disgrace ofthought as he being guilty would force all that he has forged to hide in exilefrom the wrath of the society which he has protected. Socrates has succeeded in justifying his actions by showing how devastating hisdisobedience could possibly be. In considering all of the points that he hasmade in the defense of his decision. Socrates can maintain his own pride, andsense of right and wrong. He has shown others, such as Crito . There is acertain satisfaction in maintaining ones own innocence while not accepting ahollow victory for one may possibly last for many societys yet to come. By maintaining a harmony between what is right and the expression of a personsown opinions he has made possible the ultimate truth, the belief in what hasworked and staying within the boundaries of decent and god fearing society. The laws of the society in which Socrates lived condemned him to die for hisown conviction and the reasons for Socrates to remain and accept thepunishments of that society have proved to be wise and justified. Philosophy

Steve Jobs’ Ideas and Leadership free essay sample

US management and leadership: Steve Jobs Table of contents Introduction I/ Brief Biography of Steve Jobs II/ Steve Jobs: A Charismatic Leader III/ Steve Jobs’ Ideas and Leadership Conclusion References Introduction The aim of this assignment is to consider the leadership style of the Apple’s CEO Steve Jobs through the analysis of the articles and works connected with his business activity. Steve Jobs is the current CEO and co-founder of Apple, Inc. Steve Jobs also was the CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar until the animation studio was acquired by Disney in 2006. However, Jobs is currently on the board of directors at Disney, and is the companys largest individual share holder. Early Years Steve Jobs was born in San Francisco, California, and was put up for adoption at birth. His adopted parents named him Steven Paul Jobs, and grew up just south of his birthplace in Cupertino, California. After attending local, Homestead High School, Jobs enrolled Reed College in Portland, Oregon, but dropped out after only one semester. We will write a custom essay sample on Steve Jobs’ Ideas and Leadership or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1974, Jobs moved back to California and shortly after went on a spiritual journey to India. Soon after returning home, Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computers. Steve Jobs and Apple Initially founded as a partnership between Jobs and Wozniak, Apple went public in 1980 with the advent and success of the Apple II. On the heels of Apples ascent, Jobs hired John Sculley a, then, top executive at Pepsi. However, in 1984 a sales slump caused a contentious relationship between Scully and Jobs the result of which found Jobs unemployed. Jobs Other Projects In 1986, Jobs founded NeXT Computer. Although the company garnered a strong following for its sophisticated machinery, neXT was unable to jump into the mainstream, and in an interesting turn-of-events, was bought by Apple in 1996. This brought Jobs back to the company that he founded. Jobs Returns to Apple Placed as the interim CEO, after the ousting of Gil Amelio, Jobs regained the board’s confidence, and significantly increased sales through developments in design and the introduction of the iMac. In the coming years, Jobs reestablished Apple as one of the most cutting-edge tech companys in the sector. With emphasis on design, exemplified in such products as the iPod, Apple was able to re-market them as a trendy, household name. Steve Jobs was a pioneer in the personal computer industry. He was instrumental in bringing computers to the masses spawning a multi-million dollar industry. Apples attractive, small and inexpensive computers were an instant success. This assignment examines in detail the leadership and entrepreneurial skills of Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computers (a leading Information Technology company) and Pixar (a leading US animation studio). Steves role in shaping the computer industry through Apples revolutionary products and a few unconventional business practices has been explored in detail. The case also discusses the aspects of Steves personality that were appreciated by many businessmen and industry leaders. The ups and downs in Steves career graph and the way in which he overcame the obstacles are discussed in detail. Steves departure from Apple and his comeback have been explored in depth. This paper is an attempt to analyze one of the prominent leaders of the present time through the key features, which make him that prominent. The key issues to be analyzed are what personal and business characteristics the leader possesses and should possess to make it stably profitable, recognizable and trusted through the application of the leadership style peculiar of Steve Jobs, the Apple’s CEO and the person who has made Apple company one of the key players on the market of advanced technologies. I/ Brief biography of Steve jobs In the seventies innovative ideas and a drive for business were enough to produce very successful companies and some of the wealthiest men nowadays. The person who had the vision that would change the world of computing was Steven Paul Jobs who co-founded Apple Computers and NeXTStep. This man thanks to his unbounded energy and his striving for perfection has provoked profound changes in our world and he has given to the world the best animated movies such as Toy Story and Monsters Inc. Steven was adopted in 1955 by Paul and Clara Jobs, he was an orphan. During the school years he worked for Hewlett –Packard in Palo Alto, California where he met Stephen Wozniak with whom he co –founded Apple Computers in 1976. The two designed and built the Apple 1 in Jobs` House and had to sell their belongings to start the company that was named Apple in memory of a happy working summer in a farm. The Apple 1 was the first computer at that price that could load programs from an external source and it was ideal for hobbyist.

How to Make a Lichtenberg Figure

How to Make a Lichtenberg Figure Lichtenberg figures are branching structures formed by an electrical discharge on or inside of an insulator. The structures take their name from Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, the physicist who discovered and studied them. Although you can  make your own Lichtenberg figure using polyethylene sheets and talcum powder, there is an easier method you may wish to try. Lichtenberg Figure Materials Sharp metal object (e.g., awl)Insulator (e.g., sheet of acrylic)Photocopier toner Make a Lichtenberg Figure Position the metal object so that only its tip is touching the surface of the insulator.If you have a Wimshurst machine or Van de Graaff generator handy, discharge it through the metal point into the acrylic. (Gray Matter has a cool video of what happens if you use a particle accelerator to create the Lichtenberg figure. Note that the hammer is insulated, thus preventing that persons skin from displaying a Lichtenberg figure. Be careful!)If you dont have a machine, youll have to generate static electricity another way, like by dragging your feet through a shag carpet and zapping yourself on the metal object... fun!In either case, you will create a Lichtenberg figure across the surface of the acrylic, radiating outward from the metal point. However, you probably wont be able to see it. If you (carefully) blow toner powder across the surface of the acrylic, the Lichtenberg figure will be revealed.

EXPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION essays

EXPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION essays To start with the essay I would like to put forward an incident from the movie GOD MUST BE CRAZY , as this came to my mind while reading the Picture yourself in Africa, wandering aimlessly through the jungle with tears streaming down your face and your heart broken because your pet gorilla has forsaken you and run off with a group of other apes. You stumble into a village of natives, who gather around you and seem curious as to whats going on in your life. Unable to choke back the sobs, you spill your life story, your hopes and dreams, joys and sorrows. The natives just stand and stare at you, as you hear a few snickers and see a few smiles. You grow irritated that they have not responded the way you thought they would, so you jump up and down and yell angrily at them about all the pain and injustice you have endured. They still stand and stare, their snickers growing louder, their smiles wider. You cant understand how it can be that you have expressed such intense feelings and emotions to these people and have gotten no reaction, no sympathy, no connection. Quite simply, you don't speak their language and they don't speak yours, and you were too wrapped up in your own despair to notice. You most certainly have expressed yourself, but there has been no communication. This might be the most extremes of the example but as gombrich in the essay Expression and Communication says that our culture and our education, moreover have interfered with our primitive reactions. Our gestures and expressions which we believe to be natural are still filtered through the conventions of our culture(Gombrich 57). Gombrich starts the essay with the Romantic idea of art as the language of emotions. The artist try to use their artwork as tool of expression toward life. From the beginning of time each work of art, excluding the replicas...

Organizations on the Move Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Organizations on the Move - Essay Example Finally, the study will try to evaluate different remedies (like regulation of accounting/financial markets, regulation of incentives or regulation of punishment) to stop financial fraud. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Nortel Networks Corporation 4 Mechanisms to Align Managers with the Interests of Shareholders 7 Meltdown of Nortel More as a Failure of â€Å"People† 9 Why Do Businesspeople Keep Making the Same Mistake? 10 Remedies 11 Business Education 11 Regulation of Accounting/Financial Markets 11 Regulation of Incentives 11 Regulation of Punishment 12 Nortel Networks Corporation Nortel Networks Corporation is a well known telecommunication company. The company has its headquarters in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. The company was founded by Charles Fleetford Sise Sr. in the year of 1882. The company has pioneered telecommunication boom in Canada during 1990s. Market capitalization of the company was more than $350 billion Canadian dollars in July 2000. Nortel account ed for more than 37 percent of the Toronto Stock Exchange during 1990s. The company offers various telecommunication services like wireless and broadband communications, global networking solutions etc. Share price of Nortel increased by 300% in the year 2000. The company has expanded business in North America rapidly. The company has revolutionized the concept of internet application in telecommunication industry. Market capitalization of the company has touched a record $398 billion in September 2000. The company has experienced a sudden fall in market capitalization during the year 2002. Market capitalization of the company slashed down to mere $5 billion in august 2002. The accounting system of the company has failed to produce a stable financial condition. Many top level corporate managers resigned during the tumultuous period. Government seized the trading in Nortel stock. Share price of the company was decreased by 335%. CEO of the company John Roth resigned in November, 2001 . Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has filed fraud charges against the company. The company is currently in liquidation phase. Factors that Contributed to the Rise and Fall of Nortel Reason for the Rise of Nortel can be summarized in following manner. Breakup of American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T) has created an entry scope for small telecommunication companies. The market has suddenly become oligopolistic in nature. The telecommunication equipment market was dominated by Western Electric, an AT&T subsidiary before 90s. Nortel took the opportunity and entered in telecommunication equipment market. The company fulfilled the market demand with vast array of service mix like wireless and broadband communications, global networking solutions. Cellular market has achieved an outstanding growth during 1990s. Growth in cellular market automatically created a demand pool for telecommunication equipments. Demand for telecommunication services has increased by more than 50% during 1 990s. Nortel emerged as telecommunication service provider in the cellular market boom period. The company established itself as major supplier of telecommunication equipments. Nortel fulfilled the telecommunication equipment demand pool generated by cellular market. Personal computers were introduced by IBM and Macintosh during late 1980s. These two companies have revolutionized the concept of using computer in home. Customers using personal computer were well aware

Synthesis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Synthesis Paper - Essay Example The advancement in telecommunication technologies presents greater opportunities for the growth and expansion of the education system in countries among other major sectors of the economy. Online platforms have undoubtedly contributed to improved student lives (Josh "Studies Explore Whether the Internet Makes Students Better Writers"). While most of the influences of the advancing technologies remain positive, the society continues to experience negative effects of the advancing technologies as the discussion below portrays. Culture is a social feature that influences the behavior of the people and the nature of their interactions in a society. Culture influences essential features of the society including attire, dietary and religions among many other equally important features of life. the four articles admits that the advancing telecommunication technologies continue to influence changes in different cultures thus succeeding in the development of such contemporary social features as popular culture. The dynamic nature of culture implies that culture changes. Whenever two or more groups of people interact, they are likely to borrow specific cultural features they consider better while abandoning their cultural features they consider retrogressive. The developments of new telecommunication technologies enhance interaction among people a feature that thus creates an effective platform for the sharing of cultural features. The invention of the internet was among the most iconic inventions globally. The internet provides effective and equally efficient platforms for communication enabling people to exchange ideas and information in real time. The development and subsequent use of smart phones thus increased traffic on the internet as more people currently access different sites on the internet through their smart phones. Stanford is an example of a university which has

Compare the Johnston family Essay Example for Free

Compare the Johnston family Essay Now do you understand that? (police woman to Mrs. Lyons) As I say it was more of a prank really, Mrs. Lyons. Id just dock his pocket money if I was you. But one thing I would like to say, and excuse me if Im interfering, but Id not let him mix with the like of them in future. He has a sense of pride probably at the fact that everything he does he does it himself without the help of others even though hes not rich. Mickey and Eddies well-developed friendship starts rolling down hill as Mickey starts understanding life better and as his responsibilities grow. He says he had to grow up whilst no one looked and Eddie could stay a kid. By this he basically means youve had it laid on a plate for you all your life when I had to work and gain or lose everything. Mickey starts to feel as though people own him because he thought everything he did he did himself when he realizes this is not true he feels betrayed and feels he owes everything he is to someone else. All the struggle and all the suffering Mickey goes through at the end affects Linda as she is his wife and doesnt get any attention from her husband because his mind is else where all the time. Mrs. Lyons is a selfish woman who took a baby away from its mother. She said the children would die if they found out they were twins because they had been separated at birth, this was a made up superstition, because she knew from a previous incident in act 1 scene 8 that Mrs. Johnston was a very superstitious person. Oh God. Never put new shoes on a table, Mrs. Lyons. You never know whatll happen. Oh, you mean its a superstition. Youre superstitious are you? I think she is just showing of for how much dosh she has. Even though she promises that she would let Mrs. Johnston keep in close contact with the baby as it grows she becomes possessive and sacks her from her job. She thinks that Mrs. Johnston will tell someone and her husband would get angry, as he also doesnt know the truth. Later on she becomes paranoid of Mrs. Johnston, and starts thinking that the superstition she made up is actually true. After trying to keep her son away from Mickey, in the usual manner, saying hes a bad influence, threatening, forbidding, etc she decides to move away to a far off area where she thinks Mrs. Johnston would not be able to follow. When Mrs. Johnston gets a house by the council near to where Mrs. Lyons lives, Mrs. Lyons fears are confirmed she starts thinking Mrs. Johnston has put a curse on her. She looks after Eddie well and treats him like her own son so no one suspects anything throughout. In the end she kills both boys due to her mental state. Eddie is given a great childhood he lives in a big house gets the love of his parents and goes to school to get educated. His mother is the only person to know that he is Mrs. Johnstons child, however she is determined to keep that a secret and keep her child away from the Johnston family. He is a member of a rich family therefore is taught to speak in a posh accent and will kind of show off. Pissed off! You say smashing things dont you? Pissed off. Do you know any more words like that? It is a good thing that he is educated because he can then have a good job and a very good status further in life. Eddie has money and he doesnt care where the money goes. He thinks of Mickey as a brother, this is probably because he is an only child and when Mickey tells him they can be blood brothers he is delighted that he will finally have a brother. When he is caught by the police woman he ends up getting his lines mixed giving the play a streak of humour as well as showing how protected he has been during his upbringing. And what do you think youre doing? Adolf Hitler! Whats your name, son? Waiting for a ninety two bus Hes not with me He is sent to boarding schools so that he is kept away from Mickey. He doesnt understand why everyone wants to keep them apart but goes along because he is left no choice. When he comes back from university for Christmas he is surprised to find that his best friend is now also against him, which upsets him greatly. He tries to show that he is not bothered about Mickey being poor, that Mickeys friendship means more to him than the world by telling him to take all the money he wants but this just makes Mickey feel offended and feel as though he is being presented with charity money or something. Look, come on. Ive got money, lots of it. Im back, lets forget about bloody jobs, lets go and get Linda and celebrate. Look, look, money, lots of it, have some. NO! I dont want your money. Stuff it. Eddie, do me a favour will you? Piss off. I thought I thought we always stuck together. I thought we were blood brothers. Even though Mickey stops talking to Eddie and doesnt want to stay in any form of contact Eddie carries on trying to make there friendship work out. He tries to help Mickey every chance he gets, even if it is only secretly. In the end he finds out they are real brothers. When Mrs. Lyons comes in and goes to shoot Mickey, Eddie sacrifices his life showing he really cared about Mickey.

Getting Well at Get Well Essay example -- Medicine Physical Therapy Pa

Getting Well at Get Well In this ethnography I will take a look at the differences brought into my place of employment, a physical therapy clinic, which we will call Get Well. I explored the viewpoints of patients, therapists, and the physical therapy aides like myself on the issues of either the job or therapy. I wanted to get a look at the different ideas of patients and my co-workers because our age rages are so distinct. We treat elderly patients and students in junior high school. The different ages bring on different opinions of what therapy really is to some people. This is yet another example of how everyone has their own opinions and views on things. In the essay written by Kenneth L. Pike entitled, A Stereoscopic Window On The World, he explains the differences of etic and emic perspectives when conducting an ethnography. He states, â€Å"Different people may see the same event in different ways.† He explains this throughout his essay. As is my study my view as an outsider would be considered the etic view and the patients would be considered the emic perspective. Pike begins with an example of his own experience of interpreting situations with others. He and another woman had two opposite takes on the same situation. The essay then goes on to explain the difference in situations with reference to the etic and emic perspectives. Get Well is a fairly large facility located in a middle-class society mostly made up of Caucasians. This middle-class society is the small town of Romeo, Michigan. This clinic is located on Van Dyke Road between Thirty-one and Thirty-two mile roads. It is directly across the street from another physical therapy clinic whose patients always believe they are in ... ...hotherapy clinic rather than a physical therapy clinic. You have the young and old and all have similar problems, but yet they are so different. I sometimes get the impression that patients do no want to listen to me because I am so young. The young patients tend to take my instructions more seriously than the elderly do. They would rather hear it from the therapist himself. The major differences in patients’ attitudes all depend on their age. I enjoy working at the clinic because it is such a diverse place and not one day is ever the same. As I learned from my co-worker’s interviews just take everything with a grain of salt. Living with people’s opinions and attitudes is just part of our everyday life. Works Cited Pike, Kenneth. â€Å"A Stereoscopic Window on the World.† 23 February 1998. 9 December 2001 http://www.sil.org/klp/eticemic.htm.

Boom of Credit Cards

Credit cards have become such a familiar feature of the life style in the world that it is difficult to imagine a consumer economy functioning without them. The credit cards are nowadays the most convenient of all types of payments. The boom of the credit card industry has affected everyone in the world of the â€Å"plastic money†. That was the name given to the credit card right after it was invented. Nowadays, the â€Å"plastic money† occupies a very important place in the economy of the country. â€Å"Settlements indicates that the number of credit cards in circulation increased 34 percent between 1988†¦.. The data also show that the value of credit card transactions increased 98 percent during the same period† (Yoo, p. s. 1997). A lot of reasons explain the fact that the credit cards are holding the most important place in the wallet and purses today. Behind these reasons , is hiding a crucial social phenomenon that has very bad consequences in the country, credit card abuse. Despite the measures taken by the officials, statistics prove that the number is increasing everyday. Today, Visa and Master card occupy an important place in the credit card marketplace but the pioneer in the business remains to be Diners Club. In 1949, as the luncheon tables were cleared at the Major†s Cabin Grill, a popular New York restaurant of the period whose location next door of the Empire State Building was then a considerable asset, three men sat huddled over a prime table off to one side †¦. In their excitement, they called over Major, the proprietor and asked him how much he would pay for business that he would not ordinarily get. Without flinching, Major replied â€Å"7 percent† , number that established a major industry (Lewis, 1990). ` Those three men were Alfred Bloomingdale, Frank Mc Namara and Ralph Snyder. They conceived a plan for a new type of credit card. Unlike the retail and gas credit cards, which were restricted in use to those industries, theirs would be â€Å"universal† card that allowed its holders to purchase goods and services at different places across the country. An industry was born, Diners Club As a matter of fact, the period right before the First World War, was the first year for a new industry, the credit card industry. Those first credit cards were not really credit cards as they are today because they served only for limited needs. They could be used only on a very low level. The use of credit cards by retailers began in 1914†³ (Lewis, 1990). Since that date there was an inconceivable growth of credit card production. Prior to World War I, few hotels, oil companies and department stores issued credit cards. Then in 1931 the airline companies introduced the credit cards in their business (Lewis, 1990). The evolution and the expansion of the card went lide the speed of light. The most important step was the introduction of the credit card to the Internet in the 90†³s. Today, Web servers enable payments by credit card. A credit card transaction over the Internet is one of the most common types of payment. If a merchant has an account with a merchant bank that offers Internet credit card processing, he would be able to accept credit card payment over the Internet (http://search. netscape. com). â€Å"There was an increase of $78 billion over 1994, in just one short year. We†ve been tracking it since 1980, and we†ve never seen that kind of increase before. † (Glenn, 1984, pp. 857-68). What are the reasons that explain the fast increase of the use of the credit cards? As one reason that might explain the phenomenon, some people may think that carrying a credit card is much easier than having cash or a checkbook in their wallets or purses. There is no doubt that the â€Å"plastic money† doesn†t bother in a wallet or a purse because of its tiny size. Another reason that may explain the credit card fever is that it allows its holders to spend the money they haven†t got yet. Actually, it looks like free money, although it really isn†t. That is the case of the college students who have credit cards and whose parents will pay the debt their child has created. The strongest argument that could be also the main reason the t explains the increasing number of credit card transactions is that a lot of low income-persons are carrying â€Å"plastic money† and are using it widely but not wisely. When the time for paying off the balance due comes, a lot of people do not have enough money to clear their bills. Here is the beginning of a cycle that probably will never stop (Kathy and Bill B. â€Å"s case) until the credit card company or the banks realize that their customer†s debt is growing every month. Before any reaction of the creditors, the debt has reached an unbelievable amount. As a result of a non-payment of the bills, the problems in the credit card industry began. In addition to lost or stolen cards and billing errors, an uncontrollable phenomenon was born in the industry, fraud. Two major aspects determine the fraud in the industry, stolen cards and the black market created around the â€Å"plastic money. † In fact, counterfeiting credit cards has taken an important turn during the 60s. As expected, not long after they had instituted the unsolicited credit card programs in the late 1960s, the bank began to experience significant losses due to fraud (Lewis, 1990). Statistics prove how fast the fraud went up in the industry. In 1964, the U. S. Post Office investigated only fifteen cases of credit card fraud. Four years later, in 1968, that figure shot up to 360, and the following year, it more than doubled to 762. In 1970, Andrew Brimmer, one of the Federal Reserve Board†s seven governors, showed that bank charge card losses had increased 50 percent that year to $115. 5 million or $3. 4 percent of $3. 4 billion in outstanding credit card debt (Lewis 1990). In 1971, the Los Angeles Police Department made public its first reported of counterfeiting credit cards. The counterfeiters, two women and one man who apparently had knowledge of at least one bank numbering system used authentic blank cards stock to succeed their operation (Lewis, 1990). The very fast assumption of the abuse in the credit card industry made the banks and the credit card companies think about finding solutions that could stop this terrible phenomenon. Since the major source of losses in the industry was stolen cards, it was very hard for the credit card companies to find a solution that would stop fraud. The fraud in the credit cards industry had had an important impact in the economy of the United States such as financial losses. In 1973 alone, credit cards losses were estimated to be $288 million-or 1015 percent of the total credit card sales (Lewis, 1990). The delinquency rate has risen four quarter in a row for the first time since 1991†¦.. At the end of 1991, $3. 4of every $100 owed on credit card was delinquent, up eight percent from 1994 (Business Journal of Charlotte, 1996). Whose responsibility was it? In large part, the banks themselves were responsible for their continuing losses. In their desire to market their cards as actively as possible, they were reluctant to tarnish the image go the credit card by publicizing stories of thefts and losses , so they hid the information not to alarm potential cardholders(Lewis, 1990, p. 8). The government may be held responsible as well because the government issues cards to the members for government travel expenses only. Unfortunately, those cards have been used for the purchase of liquors, jewelry and flowers (Fritz, S. 1996, March 16). That is another â€Å"ugly face† of credit card abuse. The people who were supposed to help the country to overcome the problems abuse intensify the situation. As the industry was growing, the banks and the credit card industries did not think of any alternative that would stop an eventual fraud in the industry. The lack of management was one of the major sources of the problem. As one solution that had to be found, the credit cards companies invented the secured credit card that allows the customer to spend not more than what he or she has in his or her bank saving account. That seemed to be a good solution to stop the fraud but criminals are so good that they devised ways to tap into potentially lucrative market. By the mid 1970†³s, the credit card companies installed their own law enforcement to fight credit card fraud, the Association of Credit Card Investigators (ACCI). The role of this unit o the credit card companies was to have a better management of the growing number of customers. One measure initiated by the ACCI that proved effective was a combination of a post mailer with dual dating on the credit card. A dual dating enables the credit card Company to delay the effective starting date of the card until after it should have been received by the cardholder. The post mailer informed the intended cardholder that a card had been mailed to him or her and that the credit card Company should be notified if it had not yet been received. As a result to the important measures taken by the credit cards companies, 75% drop in fraud in the first years (Ventura, 1992). Another preventive measure adopted by the credit cards companies was a warning bulletin alerting the banks and merchants to fraudulent cards. All the major credit cards companies did not approve this kind of measure. On one hand, American Express, Diners Club felt that the warning bulletins were necessary to control fraud as well as the misuse of cards by delinquents and overspenders. On the other hand, Visa took the position that warning bulletins were not necessary and that sending postcard was enough. Statistics proved later that Visa was losing a higher percentage of its charge volume from fraud than American Express and diners Club(Lewis, 1990). The solution on the federal level would be an abolishment of the government credit card system as suggested republican George W. Gekas (R-Pa)(Los Angeles Times, 1996, March 16). In spite of the tough measures taken by the banks and the credit card companies, losses due to fraud continued throughout the 70s. As the 80†³s approached, the credit card companies overcome most of the legal and operational problems such as billing errors and the development of an efficient nationwide up-to-the-minute authorization system. A wide laws and regulations system now govern the functioning of the industry but still the fraud is inevitable. This number is still increasing due to the corruption of our society. The only way you can help to stop this is by changing the whole system. But then there will be some people who will pursue their illegal actions, and will find a way to abuse other systems also.

My Stuff

Week of Nov. 19th to Dec. 5th US History Instructor: Fleming/Stamps The BOOK American Anthem Modern American History Chapter 8 pages 227-262. Historical Time Line 1914 -1921 National Standards for USH: ERA 7: Understands the changing role of the United States in the world affairs through World War 1. ACT Quality Core Standards C-2 Increasing Influences & Challenges: The Essential Question: Identify & evaluate the influences of alliances on maintaining peace but then led to our first world war.Learning Target 15: Examine the world events & Ideas that led the world in to major conflict. Learning Target 16: Analyze significant events and topics that drove the nation towards World War 1. THINGS TO DO FOR CHAPTER 8: The first world war Pages 228-262. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Read for this chapter 8 pages 228 to 262. HOLT Ch 8 Section 1 Main Idea The Inside Story p. 230 Make a Historical timeline like the one on pp. 228-229. Ch 8 section 1 Key terms & People (10 definitions) p. 2 30 Handout work from CH 8 gives out summative grade.Review Ch 8 Study Guide (Castle Learning) (Taking Notes) Ch 8 Section One (4 parts) Geography skills interactive map p. 233 (2 questions) HOLT Online Resources KEYWORD SE7 CH8 Vocabulary Builder & Flashback Reading check p. 235 (1 question) CH 8 Section 1 Assessment p. 237 (questions 1to 4. ) 12. HOLT Online Resources Yl~YJ,qoJ~rvi. comKEYWORD SE7 CH8 Section 1 Quiz 13. HOLT Ch 8 Section 2 Main Idea READ The Inside Story p. 238 14. Ch 8 section 2 Key terms & People (10 definitions) p. 238 15. HOLT Online Resources  ·{! i! Nif. iJo. D! w. Qm KEYWORD SE7 CH8 Section 2 Vocabulary Builder & Flashback 16. Faces of History p. 239 â€Å"Woodrow Wilson† (1 question) 17. Geography skills interactive map p. 243 (1 question) 18. CH 8 Section 2 Assessment p. 244 (questions 1to 4) 19. HOLT Online Resources KEYWORD SE7 CH8 Section 2 Quiz 20. American Literature Primary Sources p. 245 (2 questions) 21. HOLT Ch 8 Section 3 Main Idea READ The Inside Story p. 246 22. Ch 8 section 3 Key terms & People (10 definitions) p. 246 23. HOLT Online Resources 26. HOLT Online Resources 1:'V'l;~.! lrif. go. hrN. com 27. 28. 9. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. KEYWORD SE7 CH8 Vocabulary Builder & Flashback SE7 CH8 Section 3 Quiz 24. Primary Sources† Propaganda Poster† p. 251 (2 questions) 25. CH 8 Section 3 Assessment p. 252 (questions 1to 4) KEYWORD 35. LANDMARK SUPREME COURT CASES â€Å"Schenck† p. 253 (2 Questions) HOLT Ch 8 Section 4 Main Idea READ The Inside Story p. 254 Ch 8 section 4 Key terms & People (10 definitions) p. 254 HOLT Ch 8 Section 3 Vocabulary Builder & Flashback THE FOURTEEN POINTS p. 256 Counterpoints â€Å"League of Nations† p. 257 (1 question) Geography skills interactive map p. 58 (1 question) CH 8 Section 4 Assessment p. 259 (questions 1to 4) HOLT Online Resources ~†j{;fw. g. Q.. h{~. CCi:nKEYWORD SE7 CH8 Section 4 Quiz 36. Ch 8 Document Based Investigation â€Å"Skills focus† p. 261 (4 Questions) 37. Chapter 8 Review p. 262 (12 questions) 38. Chapter 8 Exam 2 parts Multiple Choice and Constructive Response Links for Enrichment of Students Knowledge for Chapter 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Out break of WW1: bttp:litlouhJ,b~i! Cbl~E3ToePA Alliance System 1914: h;;tp:[f'yJ'if,! Vii. V9'yhlbe. com! watc!! Jv†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœsff1! vc! Ei[v; Facts on WW1: m1I!.J[i:':~! :It1dJ? ~tjf,f:–‘,~Jol,~{[Q! J Sinking of the Lusitania: !. ltiif11t! 211:rn. J2 §L~i~~~Eig~tJl'i Excerpt of Farewell to Arms: http://youttl. b~/ ·v#9CIPi)isi~ WW1 Patriotism & Propaganda: hHp:! Jfoutu. beIROWm80f3j$ C Landmark SCC â€Å"Schenk v. United States 1919†³: ilti~;ilvol. i~u. bf,f5s2mlN::GMJ Treaty of Versailies:m1p:ifwlf. PNJ'lsto;y. comlt{Jpl;;~{vrlQ:}i! fii'. ihfjde9s#i:rea'iV ·(}'{ov~r$z;! lie §Ã‚ ·Ã‚ §JJfr:y;J0rlcl†Af8d League of Nations: Imll;[[1m,! Jtsi,:t},~~n~~h':iA~:illj~! i;;J,i Trench Warfare: ~y(lublJ:;! e! :SLH::::aq~n†I~! KM r

The Difference Between Phonics and Phonetics

The Difference Between Phonics and Phonetics The Difference Between Phonics and Phonetics The Difference Between Phonics and Phonetics By Maeve Maddox Reader Ali Abuzar wonders about the difference between phonics and phonetics. In popular usage the words are often used interchangeably, although phonics [fÃ… nÄ ­ks] is the term usually employed when speaking of a method of beginning reading instruction. In this use, phonics is regarded as a simplified form of phonetics [fÉ™-nÄ•tÄ ­ks], which is the scientific study of speech sounds. NOTE: Although phonics and phonetics end with s, they take singular verbs: Phonics is the most effective way to teach reading. Here are definitions from the OED: phonics The branch of linguistics concerned with spoken sounds; phonetics The correlations between sound and symbol in an alphabetic writing system; the phonic method of teaching reading. phonetics The study and classification of speech sounds, esp. with regard to the physical aspects of their production; the branch of linguistics that deals with this. Using phonics to teach reading involves teaching the beginner the sounds associated with the letters of the alphabet before introducing written words. The beginner learns to analyze words by comparing the letters in them to the sounds they represent. NOTE: Early practice is confined to words in which the letter/sound correspondence is regular. Once the beginner has established the habit of expecting letters to represent spoken sounds, words containing one or more non-phonetic elements are introduced. Another term, phonology [fÉ™-nÃ… lÉ™-jÄ“, fÃ… -], refers to the study of speech sounds. Phonology encompasses rules governing pronunciation in a given language. phonology n. Originally: the science of speech sounds and pronunciation, esp. as they occur in a particular language. Now: the branch of linguistics concerned with the study of phonological relationships within a language or between different languages; the system of contrastive and phonotactic* relations among the speech sounds of a particular language. OED *phonotactics The branch of linguistics concerned with the rules governing the possible phoneme** sequences in a language or languages; these rules as they occur in a particular language. **phoneme A unit of sound in a language that cannot be analysed into smaller linear units and that can distinguish one word from another (e.g. /p/ and /b/ in English pat, bat). English Spelling Not Total Chaos Learn To Spell By Phonograms, not Letters Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorConfused Words #3: Lose, Loose, LossAffect vs. Effect

Free sample - Blue Sky Software Consulting firm. translation missing

Blue Sky Software Consulting firm. Blue Sky Software Consulting firmBlue Sky being a software firm need constant change of leadership role since the technology is moving very fast and require regular up grades on the existing systems to compete effectively in the market. When Blue was the CEO he control this firm autonomously with little support from the technical staff, this was not a bad idea since he was the initiator but after being in the field for some time change was inevitable so as to get new managerial skills to spear head the operations of the firm. Blue used to consult nobody in managing the firm not even the other executives in the various divisions. He had no strategic plan for the firm stating that that was his firm and knows how to manage it. This was a bogus belief in the ever-changing business world. There had to be no long-term plans like those that the one Susan Hubres is pushing for. Susan being the planning and marking director had to put in place measure that could see the firm through its’ past hardships. We have learnt that in the past there were no executive meetings to discuss on the way forward and make suggestions. For any company to succeed in this era there has to be proper planning and the planning cannot be bestowed on one individual. Every department has its own problems, which need to be solved differently through discussions to get a wide field of ideas rather than relying on one person who can make mistakes. In addition, the other problem that faced Blue sky is the unbalanced distribution of works. The regional directors are young and new in the technical filed while the other side has those who have overstayed in the firm with many experiences in handling technical problems. This major problem needs to be solved by reshuffling them so that you get a balanced work force. Also the fact that older employees are almost retiring, they are less reluctant to expand the firm, if the problem is not solved now so that the younger directors get experience in future the firm might lack coordination due to lack of technical knowledge. Looking at various divisions of the firm they are managed differ ently, since this is a single business the structure of leadership should be centralized so that everything is coordinated from a central point and the new personnel should be motivated to be aggressive and expand the company. To achieve maximum potential of a worker little incentives can do the trick. Appreciating their contribution to the organization makes them loyal and team up together towards achieving their goals. In the past Blue Sky have not been doing much on this line though there was promotions based on individuals skills. This was good but to attain uniform development all the employees need to be motivated regardless of their positions in the company. Those who are doing manual work have a role of ensuring the firm’s image is maintained just like the CEO and directors. Taking them for retreats just as Susan suggested is a way of motivating them and they will interact amicable outside work places and build strong understanding of each other hence uplifting the company’s goals to greater extent. In addition, motivation can be done by setting targets and whoever achieves that he/she is given something on top of basic salary. In the past Blue sky give its’ employees retirement benefits as motivation and this actually maintained and make the teamwork extra hard to meet targets of the firm. Apart from that medical and insurance cover should also be introduce to motivate them even further. The strategic plan is in the process of changing and decision-making is now done by all the CEO and directors in board meetings. This is a positive change because everyone is looking forward to achieving the company’s objectives, which will in the end benefit them financially. In fact, they are overseeing ways of reducing costs and increasing profits. Employees have been encouraged to be aggressive and venture into new markets to serve more clients. Also due to competition from the Indian’s firms they have put in place mechanisms of approaching that and even plan to hire a specialist to look for more ventures that can promote the industry.   Blue Sky Company had the problems of poor coordination of its divisions and prior knowledge of ever changing market demands. For this to be solved there, should be a clear structure of managerial duties stating well the roles of each individual and put an outline on the flow of information. This can be done well if the firm set up policies and strategies on how to implement them. All policies and strategies should be tabled before a technical panel to discuss on them and make amendments before implementation. Following the theory of contingency there must be well coordination of all activities so that targets are achieved and the progress of each division must be assessed regularly to determine their position and potentials. The SWOT analysis should also be carried out to establish a good working environment and set up the team spirit necessary for the business growth.

International Business Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

International Business Management - Assignment Example However, the company remains pressed for resources and cannot afford to make the wrong decision when it comes to entering a new market. It is currently not in a position to bear high political, economic or regulatory risks. To this end, great potential exists in BRIC countries as the growth potential in these nations tends to be higher compared with the U.S. The founder of Genicon must, therefore, decide whether or not to enter the BRIC markets and, if so, which of these markets to enter. This decision must be made vis-a-vis the decision to continue to expand in European regions such as Germany. It is recommended that Genicon enters Brazil owing to low political risks and smooth regulatory environment. 2. Problem statement Genicon faces the problem of whether to enter into developed markets such as Germany or focus on existing markets or enter into BRIC countries. If it chooses to enter the BRIC economies then which economy should Genicon enter for maximizing its profits and growth p otential and minimizing its risks? 3. Analysis Genicon possesses over 10 years of experience in the sale of laparoscopic instruments within and outside U.S (Kupetz, Tindall, & Haberland, 2010). Internationalization may be active or proactive (Wild & Wild, 2012). However, Genicon’s internationalization has been largely proactive to take advantage of favorable business opportunities. Furthermore, the current marketing and distribution environment required firms to sell through GPOs which favored large companies owing to financial structure (Kupetz, Tindall, & Haberland, 2010). Hence, Genicon’s sales in the U.S were declining (Kupetz, Tindall, & Haberland, 2010). Additionally, international markets were providing higher growth rates as far as the market for MIS was concerned. Theory attributes internationalization to the strategic intent of the founder (Wild & Wild, 2012). The case suggests Genicon’s founder- Haberland to have had interest in entering emerging mark ets owing to their high growth rates. However, the biggest concern encompassing Genicon is which BRIC market to enter. It is important to analyze each BRIC economy from the perspective of various factors. Global legal issues such as intellectual property which faces threat of piracy may be important considerations for international businesses (Wild & Wild, 2012). In terms of the legal environment, India offered improvement in terms of shorter product launch times and tighter IP laws. Russia offered weak enforcement laws whereas China offered uncertain, slow and weak regulatory procedures (Kupetz, Tindall, & Haberland, 2010). Brazil, on the other hand, offered â€Å"internationally accepted† regulatory standards with the prospective introduction of the four-tier system (like that in the EU) which was favorable for Genicon. Considering that the role of government intervention is critical factor for startups, the BRIC countries need to be analyzed in terms of this aspect as well . India has been heading towards privatization. Political ideologies may range from being anarchist ( whereby personal and private groups have liberty) to totalitarian (where every aspect of people’s lives is controlled) (Wild & Wild, 2012). Pluralism exists in the middle whereby both public and private groups coexist (Wild & Wild, 2012). China seems to have moved towards pluralism in the wake of globalization with the

John Kerry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

John Kerry - Essay Example A decorated navy veteran John is serving his fourth term as a Senator, after winning in 2002. During his two decades of service, he has successfully taken up a range is issues like; Safeguarding the interests of the small business and for providing such businesses a level playing field in view of the cut-throat competition in global economy. His being the chairman of the Senate Small Business Committee came in handy for this matter. Though Sen. John Kerry has been a known figure in national politics since 1971, but it was during the Presidential elections campaign that we could see a multifaceted personality during all of TV shows, debates and election rallies. He started off as a lone ranger, in contrast to the huge hype created around President Bush, but gradually succeeded in picking up the pace solely on the basis of his uncanny ability to address the issues in right perspective. His grasp on foreign affairs has been the key in giving his popularity graph a big boost. Though George W. Bush appears to have an edge as far as mesmerizing the audience is concerned but John Kerry makes his mark amongst the intellectuals. As the campaign progressed, the general public too started taking notice of his able leadership and he was able to put up a tough fight in front of George Bush. In fact John earned the reputation of blooming at the opportune moment when despite being an early favorite for the 2004 Democratic pre sidential nomination, Howard Dean appeared to leave him behind, but Kerry quickly emerged as the frontrunner once the voting began, securing enough delegates for the nomination. Nurturing his constituency: In the national politics Massachusetts has remained overwhelmingly Democratic (Almanac, 2006). The state voted for John Kerry 62%-37% in 2004. George W. Bush could top 40% only in Plymouth County and Cape Cod, and the northeast Boston suburbs in Essex County. Politics in Massachusetts for years has been a kind of culture war between Yankee Republicans and Irish Democrats. With a population of 6,349,097 (Almanac, 2006) and rural-urban composition of 8.6%-91.4%, the state today boasts of almost 100% employment figures. That's indeed a feather in the cap of the officials representing the state. Prosperity of the people in the state is further evident by the rising income levels of the people with majority of the job holders (i.e. 67%) being white collar, while 18.7% hold blue collar and 14.3% hold gray collar jobs. The composition of state is; Ethnic

The American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American History - Essay Example There arose great tension between Great Britain troops and colonial militiamen in Lexington. April 1775 kicked off the armed conflict, and one year later, the rebels were waging the full-scale war for their independence. France joined to support the Continental Army to force the British to give up their power. Finally the British surrendered at Yorktown, Virginia, in1779, and the Americans won their independence, though fighting did not formally end until 1783. These were the founding fathers of America. Just after the revolutionary war, these men came with a political system that was entirely novel for an era in which monarchs ruled most countries around the world. Just after having being freed from the British Empire, the fledgling king would have no king at all. Instead, an elected head referred to as the President of the United States of America would be elected (Michener). The president would be the leader of the federal government, enforcing the laws of the land, and acting as the commander -in- chief of the armed forces. And yet, while the presidency has since become the emblem of the American way of life, the country might have gone in a very different direction before George Washington took the oath of office on April 30, 1789, many Americans envisioned a crown for the wildly popular Virginia planter. Washington refused, and so did the farmers of the Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington D.C., and a big mansion that would be called the White House. After Washington's reign as president then followed a series of others like John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt all the way up to the current president who is actually the first black president of the United States of America. This constitution established America's national government and fundamental laws and guaranteed the basic rights for all of its citizens. The Constitution was signed on September 17th, 1787 by the delegates to the constitutional convention to the United St ates. In 1791, The Bill of Rights that guaranteed basic individual protections such as freedom of speech and religion became part of the Constitution.

The Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

The Sherlock Holmes Essay Sherlock Holmes stories were first published in 1887. The author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was a Scottish author and physician; he wrote 4 novels and 56 short stories that included the character Sherlock Holmes. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle claims that the stories were inspired by a man he once worked for at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary call Dr Joseph Bell. Other than Sherlock Holmes, Dr Watson plays a main part in the majority of the stories, playing the part of a friend, colleague, and side-kick. Many of the stories are narrated by Dr Watson, who was shown to keep written records of the cases. Sherlock Holmes was a well-known detective in Victorian England; this means that all of his stories contain great mystery and suspense, both great qualities to hook any audience over the many years. The mystery is portrayed taking several different angles into the stories. The most common frame of mystery is the person who appears at the beginning of the story asking for help: A lady dressed in black and heavily veiled, who had been sitting in the window rise as we entered, this quote from The Adventure of the Speckled Band is similar to quotes found in many of Conan Doyles other stories, dark figures, hiding identities and appearing at inconvenient times of the day are all aspects that regularly play part in the opening of the story. These types of openings are well written to encourage any reader into questioning who the strange person is and what has caused them to ask for help. The character of Sherlock Holmes is a strange one, who always manages to impress you with his great intelligence and ability to think out side the box. He is shown to be very observant by noticing small details about people: The left arm of your jacket is spattered with mud in no less than several places There is no vehicle save a dog cart which throw up mud that way, and only when you sit on the left hand side of the driver. The way he takes in each small detail of a person or object shows to assist him in solving his difficult and extraordinary cases. Holmes attention to detail is used to amaze a reader as usually the things he points out are things that you would not usually even think about to take notice of, such as that the lady had sat on the left hand side of the dogcart. Sherlock Holmes is also shown to be a strange man in the way that whenever he has a case to solve, he refuses to sleep but instead spends his night sitting smoking on the floor, going over and over the facts and evidence in his head until he eventually works out what has happened, usually at some early hour of the morning: He took off his coat and waist coat, put on a large blue dressing-gown, and then wandered about the room collecting pillows from his bed, and the cushions from the sofa and armchairs. upon which he perched himself cross-legged, with an ounce of shag tobacco and a box of matches. In this scene Sherlock Holmes shows that he is a man who enjoys comfort and freedom, this is demonstrated by the fact he wears a large blue dressing gown, and sits himself up on a large pile of cushions and pillows. The fact he is shown to be very used to having the finer things in life shows that he is most likely to be a wealthy man, who grew up in a privileged family. For people who grew up in a not so privileged family they may enjoy reading these books, as to gain an idea of what it is like to live an upper class life. In The Man With The Twisted Lip Sherlock Holmes is found in an opium den, this was a very strange place to find him, and when Watson, notices him, you begin to question in your mind, as to weather he really is a respectable character, or whether its Watson who has got it wrong, as traditionally an opium den was used by the lower class, rougher characters. It is the unexpected twists in the stories that have helped to grip readers and sustain the popularity of the stories over the many years.

To Kill A Mockingbird Essays: Lasting Impressions :: free essay writer

The Lasting Impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To Kill A Mockingbird deals with many primal and basic lessons in human nature. The book exposes many issues that affect most people throughout their lives. Scout, the main character was one of the most affected by these lessons. During the book she was exposed to many profound experiences, which no doubt will leave a lasting impression. In the three years that the book took place, she may have learned the most important things she will learn over her entire life. One person that affected Scouts life was Boo Radley. He brought wonder, fear and then finally relief to her heart. At first kids thought he was evil. There were rumours that while he cut out the newspaper for his scrap book he "drove the scissors into his parent's leg."(pg11) He had tried to kill them. Even though this may have been just a rumor the kids were terrified of the Radleys. They described him often as a monster "six-and-a-half feet tall" with "bloodstained" hands. He was said to eat "raw squirrels and any cats he could catch".(pg12) During the rest of the book Scout and companions tried to meet Arthur (Boo) and get over their fear of him. They did not succeed. But he showed affection for them by leaving them gifts in a tree. Finally at the end of the book he proves he is a good person by saving Scout and Jem's lives. In this instance Scout may have found that to negatively prejudge someone is wrong. Scout also learned compassion. Scout also learnt about the ugliness of life - about death and pain. This lesson occurred while her brother had to read to a sick and dieing old lady. This lady's name was Mrs. Dubose. She had been a morphine addict and had decided to go clean till her death. To die as a free women, to die knowing she had won. Scout describes her as an ugly lady and during their reading sessions she would have some kind of spasm-fits. Her head moved side to side. She would drool. "Her mouth seemed to have a private existence of it's own." (pg.107) After many reading sessions with her having a fit each time, she died one day. Probably the most important person in Scout's life was the one who had set the best examples for her. To Kill A Mockingbird Essays: Lasting Impressions :: free essay writer The Lasting Impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To Kill A Mockingbird deals with many primal and basic lessons in human nature. The book exposes many issues that affect most people throughout their lives. Scout, the main character was one of the most affected by these lessons. During the book she was exposed to many profound experiences, which no doubt will leave a lasting impression. In the three years that the book took place, she may have learned the most important things she will learn over her entire life. One person that affected Scouts life was Boo Radley. He brought wonder, fear and then finally relief to her heart. At first kids thought he was evil. There were rumours that while he cut out the newspaper for his scrap book he "drove the scissors into his parent's leg."(pg11) He had tried to kill them. Even though this may have been just a rumor the kids were terrified of the Radleys. They described him often as a monster "six-and-a-half feet tall" with "bloodstained" hands. He was said to eat "raw squirrels and any cats he could catch".(pg12) During the rest of the book Scout and companions tried to meet Arthur (Boo) and get over their fear of him. They did not succeed. But he showed affection for them by leaving them gifts in a tree. Finally at the end of the book he proves he is a good person by saving Scout and Jem's lives. In this instance Scout may have found that to negatively prejudge someone is wrong. Scout also learned compassion. Scout also learnt about the ugliness of life - about death and pain. This lesson occurred while her brother had to read to a sick and dieing old lady. This lady's name was Mrs. Dubose. She had been a morphine addict and had decided to go clean till her death. To die as a free women, to die knowing she had won. Scout describes her as an ugly lady and during their reading sessions she would have some kind of spasm-fits. Her head moved side to side. She would drool. "Her mouth seemed to have a private existence of it's own." (pg.107) After many reading sessions with her having a fit each time, she died one day. Probably the most important person in Scout's life was the one who had set the best examples for her.

Factors Affecting Academic Performance Essay

Like many Americans caught up in the economic downturn, college students are worried about money. Now research indicates that financial worries may affect their academic performance. This year’s National Survey of Student Engagement, released on Thursday, reveals that more than a third of seniors and more than a quarter of freshmen did not purchase required academic materials because of the cost. Roughly equal shares, around 60 percent, said they worried about having enough money for day-to-day expenses. And 36 percent of freshmen and 32 percent of seniors reported that financial concerns had interfered with their academic performance. Since 2000, Nessie, as the survey is known, has collected wide-ranging data to help colleges develop effective educational practices and promote engagement. Students are asked, for instance, how much time they spend studying, whether they get involved with campus organizations, and how they interact with their professors and peers. This year the researchers, based at Indiana University at Bloomington, also assessed how the economy was affecting students at a subset of the 546 American colleges that participated. The survey examined students’ employment, finding that among freshmen, nearly 20 percent worked on campuses, and about 30 percent worked elsewhere. For seniors, those proportions were about a quarter on campuses and more than half elsewhere. Students working off campuses logged more hours: More than half of seniors working on campuses worked less than 15 hours a week, but 40 percent of full-time seniors in off-campus jobs worked more than 16 hours a week; 20 percent logged 30 or more hours. Other research has found that working up to 20 hours a week can increase students’ engagement and improve their academic performance, but that a greater time commitment can be detrimental. In this year’s survey, more than half of full-time seniors who worked 21 or more hours a week said their work schedule interfered with their studies. Yet 60 percent of those students said they had investigated working even more hours to help cover the cost of college. Related Content Grades and Tests May Miss What Matters Most in Learning Charts: How Financial Worries Are Affecting Students Alexander C. McCormick, director of the survey, says institutions should consider such findings an opportunity to get a better sense of the financial stressors that shape students’ academic experiences. Most colleges, he points out, know which students have on-campus jobs. But administrators could do more to figure out how much time students spend working off-campus, and whether those commitments threaten their academic success. â€Å"You can never do enough to understand who your students are,† Mr. McCormick says. But collecting data is the easy part. â€Å"The really hard work is up to the colleges and universities, to figure out what the data mean and what they want to do in response.†

College Life Essay

I was really excited to go on college by the time I step on the stage and got my diploma. During college applications, I would always think of what college has to offer far from high school. I would imagine myself walking around the university’s corridor from building to building, meeting new and unfamiliar faces, involving into different school activities and enjoying a lot of my free time. I would also see myself in a more mature role as a Mass Communication student of Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila which is I think a big challenge. However, I fear that college might be hard for me as a freshman. I wonder who are going to be my friends, will I be with the good ones or the other way around, what type of professors I’ll be dealing with, where should I and most importantly, how can I cope up with these changes that I can’t even sleep that night before our first day of school. And these are the things I’ve encountered so far. The whole set up of college is totally different from high school Embracing a change is certainly a difficult one. It took me a lot of adjustments to familiarize things in college. It is true that in college you are the master of your time. You should know how to manage your time preparing for school, during vacant hours and free time. Since I’m from Cavite which is a 2 hour ride going to Manila (heavy traffic not included), I should have a time allowance so I can’t be late on my first subject. Technically, if I have a 7 am class, I should be up at 4 am for preparation then at 5 am I must go. Same with going home and this is very tiresome. During my vacant, instead of wandering somewhere I will do my assignments so when I came home, there’s nothing to worry about. With my schedule, I can rarely bond with my parents and siblings at home because I must make the most out of my time to do what is needed and that often left me no personal time. I can no longer join family gatherings or social parties because if I do, I would sacrifice my time for sleep and rest. My time is being calculated and I think that’s the worst part of being a college student. On the other hand, my social life broaden with the new friends I’ve met in college but at first I find it hard to be comfortable with them because I’m still looking for the same qualities of my friends in high school. Because of it, I barely enjoy my time with them which is not healthy. That’s the hardest part in me that I struggle, to open up myself for new opportunities. The next adjustment that I had was in terms of money. Back in my high school, I am not really into allowances because IÂ  had my pack lunch and school service. Whenever I need something, I’ll just ask my parents and they will give me the amount of money I needed. But when I entered college, I started to budget everything I need with my allowance – fare, food, and school stuffs. Especially with my school environment since it is near SM Manila and those tempting, low-cost stores scattered anywhere. With that, I learned to save money and prioritize my needs over wants that leaves no room for extras.

Howard Aiken, Grace Hopper and the Mark I Computer

Howard Aiken, Grace Hopper and the Mark I Computer Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper designed the MARK series of computers at Harvard University beginning in 1944.   The Mark I   The MARK computers began with the Mark I. Imagine a giant room full of noisy, clicking metal parts, 55 feet long and eight feet high. The five-ton device contained almost 760,000 separate pieces. Used by the U.S. Navy for gunnery and ballistic calculations, the Mark I was in operation until 1959. The computer was controlled by pre-punched paper tape, and it could carry out addition, subtraction, multiplication and division functions. It could refer to previous results and had special subroutines for logarithms and trigonometric functions. It used 23 decimal place numbers. Data was stored and counted mechanically using 3,000 decimal storage wheels, 1,400 rotary dial switches and 500 miles of wire. Its electromagnetic relays classified the machine as a relay computer. All output was displayed on an electric typewriter. By todays standards, the Mark I was slow, requiring three to five seconds to accomplish a multiplication operation. Howard Aiken   Howard Aiken was born in Hoboken, New Jersey in March 1900. He was an electrical engineer and physicist who first conceived of an electro-mechanical device like the Mark I in 1937. After completing his doctorate at Harvard in 1939, Aiken stayed on to continue the computers development. IBM funded his research. Aiken headed a team of three engineers, including Grace Hopper. The Mark I was completed in 1944. Aiken completed the Mark II, an electronic computer, in 1947. He founded the Harvard Computation Laboratory that same year. He published numerous articles on electronics and switching theories and ultimately launched Aiken Industries.   Aiken loved computers, but even he had no idea of their eventual widespread appeal. Only six electronic digital computers would be required to satisfy the computing needs of the entire United States, he said in 1947. Aiken died in 1973 in St, Louis, Missouri.   Grace Hopper   Born in December 1906 in New York, Grace Hopper studied at Vassar College and Yale before she joined the Naval Reserve in 1943. In 1944, she started working with Aiken on the Harvard Mark I computer. One of Hoppers lesser-known claims to fame is that she was responsible for coining the term bug  to describe a computer fault. The original bug was a moth that caused a hardware fault in the Mark I. Hopper got rid of it and fixed the problem and was the first person to debug a computer.   She began research for the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1949  where she designed an improved compiler and was part of the team which developed Flow-Matic, the first English-language data processing compiler. She invented the language APT and verified the language COBOL.   Hopper was the first computer science Man of the Year in 1969, and she received the National Medal of Technology in 1991. She died a year later, in 1992, in Arlington, Virginia.

Free sample - Counter-force. translation missing

Counter-force. Counter-forceCounterforce can be defined as an opposing or a contrary force, particularly a military force that is capable of destructing the nuclear armaments that belong to an enemy.   Counterforce ensures that the adversary is disarmed by destructing its nuclear weapons earlier before they can be launched, and by this way, the impact of a retributive second strike is minimized. It is true that a counterforce target does not include an adversary’s population, political, or economic resources. A perfect counterforce attack would not kill any civilian. Military attacks have a tendency to causing collateral harm however. Particularly, this is very true as the nuclear weapons are used. In nuclear terms it has been found that most of the military targets are placed very close to civilian centers, such that if a major counterforce strike takes place, a number of civilian causalities will possibly result. Irrespective of the number and size of nuclear warheads, civilians will be threatened as long as the weapons are close to civilian centers (Lee, 1996).  Ã‚   Counterforce operations have been found to be the most effective in forbidding the use of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction which include, biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons, at the commencement of a conflict. At the same time, the counterforce operations can be used to confuse, disorientate, and disorganize the forces of any given adversary.   Most of the people persistently believe that, the capability to fight, endure, and win a nuclear war makes the only really efficacious deterrent, and counterforce is the preferred strategy for these people (Hilsman, 1999).   It is apparent that counterforce is very important when it comes to damage limiting by the process of offensive action. Damage limitation can also come about due to defensive measures. If a country’s counterforce strike against an enemy is successful, it can indubitably limit the damage the enemy could cause the country. Counterforce operations will to a greater extent contribute to success in the time of war. The word damage-limiting is in a useful manner limited to describing the capabilities, defensive or offensive, that attempt to diminish the damage which the adversary can possibly inflict upon a country. This appropriates the expression ‘damage avoidance’ for the weapons systems, strategies, and warheads through which a nation would attempt to minimize the damage it would have to impose upon an enemy during the military operation. It has been found that a damage avoiding attack calls for the employment of accurate, small-sized warheads, and very accurate mis siles to eliminate those weapons of the adversary with the slightest practicable harm to the adversary’s people as well as economy (Lee, 1996). By Lee (1996), a perfect weapon for damage avoidance will destroy the weapons for enemies without harming their troops. Apparently, this will leave the adversary without a way to retaliate, and at the same time holding the adversary open to the coercive power of the weapons just like the involved nation will withhold from their counterforce strike. To diminish the enemy potential to impose damage on nations such as United States, offensive and defensive are the two ways which are employed. This is to eliminate by counterforce assail enemy missiles as well as other systems which are to deliver the warheads even before they can leave their forces. By this way, counterforce attack reduces the susceptibility of a nation by improvements in peaceful defenses as well as developing effectual antimissile systems of defense. By use of offensive, the capability of the enemy is curtailed by diminishing the total number of warheads which could be thrown at the involved nation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Hilsman (1999), counterforce is a relatively effective strategy due to the following reasons: it is much easier to identify the location of an enemy weapon and attack it earlier before it is operational or is fired; and as well counterforce is found efficient and effective at the margins. The targets are frequently stationary and their whereabouts can be ascertained beforehand. This means that, to target the operating and storage facilities is easier as compared to destroying missile warheads which are traveling in the direction of a target at a very high speed. The fixed targets are comparatively large and at times located anterior to hostilities, meaning that they are susceptible to be destroyed as compared to moving individual weapons. Counterforce attacks are seen to be more efficient as compared to active defenses since they stretch forth the prospect of destroying lots of warheads or delivery systems with comparatively few weapons. In this case, it is true that expenditure rates on weapons favor counterforce to a greater extent such that a given nation can easily afford the option. For example, it is relatively easy to destroy ten warheads on a missile that is in its silo as compared to destroying individual ten warheads during which they speed in the direction of their targets. Surely, as one adopts an infrastructure of weapons system from individual warhead to the facilities of production, counterforce’s effectiveness at the margins gets readily obvious. Using the counterforce, there is an increased probability to destroy lots of missiles by attacking the facilities of assembly-fueling-mating as well as to destroy the big number of delivery vehicles by assailing the facilities for their storage. By stre tching out the prospect of destroying a number of individual weapons at the same time, counterforce has been found to be the most efficient constituent of a theater missile defense effort (Hilsman, 1999). According to Lee (1996), counterforce strategists reason that with sufficient counterforce capacity, a country can inflict a bargain that is not favorable to its opponent. By the intra-war hindrance that is provided by the counterforce capacity, a country can have its opponent to discontinue attacking, and this can be achieved in a way that is to the country’s relative advantage. It is of great importance when a country ensures that the opponent accepts a larger component of the restraint burden would there be projections concerning the war to be suitably limited. Through the use of its counterforce capability in forcing the opponents to pick out restraint, the country can have the most effectual way of attaining a suitable limited nuclear war.  Ã‚  Ã‚   References Hilsman, R., (1999). From Nuclear Military Strategy to a World Without War. New York: Praeger. Lee, S., (1996). Morality, Prudence, and Nuclear Weapons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jonathan Edwards - Colonial Clergyman of the Great Awakening

Jonathan Edwards - Colonial Clergyman of the Great Awakening   Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) was an extremely important and influential clergyman in the New England colonial America. He has been given credit for beginning the Great Awakening and his writings provide insights into colonial thought.   Early Years Jonathan Edwards was born on October 5, 1703 in East Windsor, Connecticut. His father was Reverend Timothy Edwards and his mother, Esther, was the daughter of another Puritan clergyman, Solomon Stoddard. He was sent to Yale College at the age of 13 where he was extremely interested in natural science while there and also read widely including works by John Locke and Sir Isaac Newton. John Lockes philosophy had a huge impact on his personal philosophy. After graduating from Yale at 17, he studied theology for two more years before becoming a licensed preacher in the Prsbyterian Church. In 1723, he earned his Master of Theology Degree. He served a New York congregation for two years before returning to Yale to serve as a tutor.   Personal Life In 1727, Edwards married Sarah Pierpoint. She was the granddaughter of the influential Puritan minister Thomas Hooker. He was the founder of the  Connecticut Colony following a dissent with the Puritan leaders in Massachusetts.Together they had eleven children.   Heading His First Congregation   In 1727, Edwards was given a position as the assistant minister under his grandfather on his mothers side, Solomon Stoddard in Northampton, Massachusetts. When Stoddard passed away in 1729, Edwards took over as the minister in charge of a congregation that included important political leaders and merchants. He was much more conservative than his grandfather.   Edwardseanism Lockes Essay Concerning Human Understanding had a huge impact on Edwards theology as he tried to grapple with mans free will combined with his own beliefs in predestination. He believed in the need for a personal experience of God. He believed that only after a personal conversion instituted by God could free will be turned away from human needs and towards morality. In other words, only Gods grace could give someone the ability to follow God.   In addition, Edwards also believed that the end times were near. He believed that with the coming of Christ, each person would have to give account of their lives on earth. His goal was a pure church filled with true believers. As such, he felt that it was his responsibility to ensure that his church members lived according to strict personal standards. He would only allow those he felt truly accepted Gods grace could partake of the sacrament of the Lords Supper in the church.   The Great Awakening As previously stated, Edwards believed in a personal religious experience. From 1734-1735, Edwards preached a number of sermons about justification of faith. This series led to a number of conversions among his congregation. Rumors about his preaching and sermons spread to surrounding areas of Massachusetts and Connecticut. Word spread even as far as Long Island Sound.   During this same period, traveling preachers had begun a series of evangelist meetings calling on individuals to turn away from sin throughout the New England colonies. This form of evangelism focused on personal salvation and a correct relationship with God. This era has been called the Great Awakening. The evangelists produced huge emotions. Many churches were disapproving of itinerant preachers. They felt that the charismatic preachers were often not sincere. They didnt like the lack of propriety in the meetings. In fact, there were laws passed in some communities to ban preachers the right to hold revivals unless they had been invited by a licensed minister. Edwards agreed with much of this but did not believe that the results of revivals should be discounted.   Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God   Probably Edwards most well-known sermon is called Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. He not only delivered this at his home parish but also in Enfield, Connecticut on July 8, 1741. This fiery sermon discusses the pains of hell and the importance of devoting ones life to Christ to avoid this fiery pit. According to Edwards, There is nothing that keeps wicked men, at any one moment, out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God. As Edwards says, All wicked mens  pains  and  contrivance  they use to escape  hell, while they continue to reject Christ, and so remain wicked men, dont secure em from hell one moment. Almost every natural man that hears of hell, flatters himself that he shall escape it; he depends upon himself for his own security....  But the foolish children of men do miserably delude themselves in their own schemes, and in their confidence in their own strength and wisdom; they trust to nothing but a shadow.   However, as Edward says, there is hope for all men. And now you have an extraordinary opportunity, a day wherein Christ has flung the door of mercy wide open, and stands in the door calling and crying with a loud voice to poor sinners... As he summed up, Therefore let everyone that is out of Christ, now awake and fly from the wrath to come... [L]et everyone fly out of Sodom. Haste and escape for your lives, look not behind you, escape to the mountain, lest you be consumed [Genesis 19:17].   Edwards sermon had a huge effect at the time in Enfield, Connecticut. In fact, an eyewitness named Stephen Davis wrote that people were crying out throughout the congregation during his sermon, asking how to avoid hell and be saved. In his today, reaction to Edwards was mixed. However, there is no denying his impact. His sermons are still read and referred to by theologians to this day.   Later Years Some members of Edwards church congregation were not happy with Edwards conservative orthodoxy. As previously stated, he enforced strict rules for his congregation to be considered part of those who could partake in the Lords Supper. In 1750, Edwards attempted to institute discipline on some of the children of prominent families who were caught looking at a midwives manual that was considered a bad book. Over 90% of the members of congregation voted to remove Edwards from his position as minister. He was 47 at the time and was assigned to minister to a mission church on the frontier in Stockbridge, Massachusetts. He preached to this small group of Native Americans and at the same time spent the years writing many theological works including Freedom of the Will (1754), The Life of David Brainerd (1759), Original Sin (1758), and The Nature of True Virtue (1765). You can currently read any of Edwards works through the Jonathan Edwards Center at Yale University. Further, one of the resid ential colleges at Yale University, Jonathan Edwards College, was named after him.    In 1758, Edwards was hired as the president of the College of New Jersey which is now called Princeton University. Unfortunately, he only served for two years in that position before he died after he had an adverse reaction to a smallpox vaccination. He died on March 22, 1758 and is buried in Princeton Cemetery.   Legacy Edwards is seen today as an example of revival preachers and an initiator of the Great Awakening. Many evangelists today still look to his example as a way to preach and create conversions. In addition, many descendants of Edwards went on to be prominent citizens. He was the grandfather of Aaron Burr and an ancestor of  Edith Kermit Carow who was Theodore Roosevelts second wife. In fact, according to George Marsden in Jonathan Edwards: A Life, his progeny included thirteen presidents of colleges and sixty-five professors.   Further Reference Ciment, James. Colonial America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History. M. E. Sharpe: New York. 2006.

American Film I ndustry in 1950s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

American Film I ndustry in 1950s - Essay Example The diversity of Hollywood cinema drastically decreased after the Paramount Decree, moving away from the low-budget films to fewer ones with high budgets. As a result, it is demonstrated further, that the audiences of these low-budget films left the Hollywood cinema, rather than transforming their tastes suddenly to art films. The main argument of this study states that the decline in the production of low-budget movies served as the main reason for the growth of art-houses in the 1950s. The art film theatre phenomenon became commercially feasible in the late 1940s. Art houses featured overseas films, documentaries, self-regulating productions and classic re-releases, chiefly Hollywood. These theatres happened to be small, showed only single feature films, accommodated to mature audiences, and more likely, preferred selling coffee rather than popcorn and other eatables. Most of the main-stream movie theatres lacked at business compared to the Art houses which held films over for long runs comparatively. In addition, along with their entrance to major cities and college towns, the art theatres gained popularity and prevalence amongst masses throughout the 1950s. In accordance to Gomery views, the number of art theatres incremented from 250 to 1,500 between 1950 and 1952, though not all of them were showing art films exclusively (Gomery, 2002). Studies revealed that... They were ardent film-goers who efficaciously utilized other cultural products were more likely to be influenced by the reviews and word of mouth rather than any sort of publicizing or advertising. The supposed search for high quality films was offered for a variety of motives for the art film-goers than those being made by main-stream Hollywood studios. With the commencement of World War II, an interest in more crucial and socially critical appearance opened up for entertainment as well as an increased curiosity about the foreign cultures and conventions rose in the masses. Moreover, with television sets becoming popular in the home and focusing on family fare, motion pictures attempted to put forward to the adult audiences something different, mature, which would motivate them to depart their homes (Maltby, 2003). There are several other factors which led the exhibitors to explore outside the Hollywood Studio system for film products. The ruling that vertical integration of the Hol lywood studios violated anti-trust laws evoked the studios to divorce production and distribution from the exhibition (The Yale Law Journal, 1965). With such a transformation, more and more theatres became self-regulating, restraining the control that the main-stream studios practiced over exhibition by way of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Self-regulating productions were successful in these aspects because they had the flexibility to locate interesting themes, popular stars and enough finance from the studios which was rather a hit or miss effort with higher rate of menace (Robins, 1933: 103-118). Although, in the year 1942, the MPAA eradicated fines and penalties against theatres which screened movies without Production Code seals, the member companies assured

Discussion Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Discussion Questions - Assignment Example The first step in the selection process is the generation of a master jury list. Rules of membership of a jury are common in most states and include citizenship, majority age, sound health, and freedom from a felony charge. The clerk then selects part of the list, based on the rules, into the Venire and notifies the selected individuals to appear before the court. Some of the potential jurors may however not be summoned. The last step in the selection is the scrutiny of the proposed jurors for competence and lack of conflict of interest into bias. The stage is called Voir Dire (Gaines and Miller 326, 327). The decision on whether to charge an accused or not, and which charges to make, remains at the discretion of the prosecutor. The prosecutor may however consider existence of probable cause and the possibility of arguing a case beyond reasonable doubt as legitimate reasons for the decision to charge or not, and for the charge to make (Gaines and Miller 287, 288). Weight of evidence defines the degree to which evidence offered in a trial process is valid and convincing. Strong weight of evidence implies a strong argument while a weak weight of evidence implies evidence and arguments that leaves doubt. Weight of evidence is used in a criminal trial to inform juror’s decisions based on the doctrine of proof beyond reasonable doubt. A strong weight of evidence informs the jury high chances of decision for the argument towards a guilty charge. The jury, however, sometimes decides against weight of evidence (Erastus-Obilo 137). Circumstantial evidence is indirect evidence to a case at trial. The evidence may be used to establish likelihood of occurrence of an element of crime in order to support an claim but not to prove a fact. The type of evidence may also be used in a criminal trial, together with other substantial evidence, to establish a fact to the case (Gaines and Miller 334). I believe that the

The Advertising Effect on Adolescents in Saudi Arabia and United Essay

The Advertising Effect on Adolescents in Saudi Arabia and United States - Essay Example This essay looks at historical and contemporary examples to research the gap in generational identity patterns and the conflict between traditional and modern values in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, widely considered to be one of the most conservative governments and political societies in the world. The availability and effect of modern media, particularly from Western sources of production, such as television, movies, and music in Saudi Arabia will be reviewed from contemporary reports and placed in the context of wider social change movements such as the â€Å"Arab Spring†, democratization, and reform that seemingly threaten traditional values and identities in the Kingdom. The introduction of Western and modern values or identity constructs through commercial advertizing will also be analyzed with reference to youth movements and new developments in the Saudi economy resulting from lifestyle pattern changes. The economic and social results of this process will be further re lated in context to the issues of globalization, democratization, and modernization as they portend a change in values in Saudi Arabian culture. The emphasis of this study will be in analyzing the effect of advertising on Saudi adolescents particularly, as this is psychologically when the most important aspects of personal character definition are formed, and socially this represents the time period when human individuals are most open to experimentation with patterns of identity, character, and personality formation. The research methodology of this essay will include a comparison of research into adolescent identity structures and behavior in the U.S. and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in order to determine the similarities and differences between the two experiences both subjectively and objectively. Rather than assuming that Saudi and American youth culture will develop on the same patterns of expression, the essay will instead look to build an understanding of the similarities and differences between the two adolescent experiences referencing the mainstream national culture and its values as the main social variable to which individual experience reacts, conforms, or rebels personally. The essay concludes with a review of the ways that both local and global mass-media values influence adolescent identity patterns in Saudi Arabia, and the way that these expressions differ fundamentally from adolescent experience in the USA due to the different constitutional historical and religious beliefs of both cultures. Modernity and Saudi Arabia The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the most traditional countries on earth currently due to the combined effects of the political monarchy and royal system which rules as a protector of the religious and cultural values of Islam, represented in the most sacred holy places of the religion. The yearly travel of millions of Muslims to Saudi Arabia annually for the Hajj pilgrimage and to visit the holy places of Islam has made th e country the traditional center for international Arabic learning. The protection of the holy places and Islam is arguably the highest duty that the Saudi